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Anthony (A.M.) Daniels (born 11 October 1949), who generally uses the pen name Theodore Dalrymple, is an English writer and retired prison doctor and psychiatrist. He worked in a number of Sub-Saharan African countries as well as in the east end of London. Before his retirement in 2005, he worked in City Hospital, Birmingham and Winson Green Prison in inner-city Birmingham, England. Daniels is a contributing editor to ''City Journal'', published by the Manhattan Institute, where he is the Dietrich Weismann Fellow.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=City Journal: Theodore Dalrymple )〕 In addition to ''City Journal'', his work frequently appears in ''The British Medical Journal'', ''The Times'', ''The Observer'', ''The Daily Telegraph'', ''The Spectator'', ''The Salisbury Review'', ''National Review'', and ''Axess magasin''. He is the author of a number of books, including ''Life at the Bottom: The Worldview That Makes the Underclass'', ''Our Culture, What's Left of It'', and ''Spoilt Rotten: The Toxic Cult of Sentimentality''. In his writing, Daniels frequently argues that the liberal and progressive views prevalent within Western intellectual circles minimise the responsibility of individuals for their own actions and undermine traditional mores, contributing to the formation within prosperous countries of an underclass afflicted by endemic violence, criminality, sexually transmitted diseases, welfare dependency, and drug abuse. Much of Dalrymple's writing is based on his experience of working with criminals and the mentally ill. Although he is occasionally accused of being a pessimist, his defenders praise his socially conservative non-religious philosophy, which they describe as being anti-ideological, sceptical, rational and empiricist. In 2010, Daniel Hannan wrote that Dalrymple's work "takes pessimism about human nature to a new level. Yet its tone is never patronising, shrill or hectoring. Once you get past the initial shock of reading about battered wives, petty crooks and junkies from a non-Left perspective, you find humanity and pathos". In 2011, Dalrymple received the 2011 Freedom Prize from the Flemish think tank '. ==Life== His father was a Communist businessman of Russian ancestry, while his Jewish mother was born in Germany and came to England as a refugee from the Nazi regime. His work as a doctor took him to Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), Tanzania, South Africa and the Gilbert Islands (now Kiribati). He returned to the United Kingdom in 1990, where he worked in London and Birmingham. In 1991, he made an extended appearance on British television under the name Theodore Dalrymple. On 23 February, he took part in an ''After Dark'' discussion called ''Prisons: No Way Out'' alongside former gangster Tony Lambrianou, Taki Theodoracopolous and others.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work=BFI )〕 In 2005 he retired early as a consultant psychiatrist, writing in the ''Sunday Telegraph'': "Retired at last! Retired at last! Thank God Almighty, retired at last! Such are the feelings of almost all hospital consultants and general practitioners who retire from the National Health Service after many years of service: years that increasingly have been ones of drudgery, servitude and subordination to politicians and their henchmen, the managers, who utter Pecksniffian pieties as they secure the advancement of their own inglorious careers." He now divides his time (with his wife, Dr. Agnes C. Nalpas) between homes in Bridgnorth, Shropshire, and France, and continues to write. Regarding his pseudonym ''Theodore Dalrymple'', says he "chose a name that sounded suitably dyspeptic, that of a gouty old man looking out of the window of his London club, port in hand, lamenting the degenerating state of the world".〔 He is an atheist, but has criticised anti-theism and says that "to regret religion () is to regret our civilisation and its monuments, its achievements, and its legacy)". Raised in a non-religious Jewish home, he began doubting the existence of a God at age nine. He became an atheist in response to a moment in a school assembly.〔 Daniels has also used the pen names Edward Theberton and Thursday Msigwa〔(Website Skeptical Doctor ). For an example of an article written by Edward Theberton, see: (Black Marx ) (''The Spectator'', 5 July 1986). The characteristic opening sentence of the article reads: "If the people of Mozambique could eat slogans, they would be fat".〕 and possibly yet another pen name, in addition to his bona fide name. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Theodore Dalrymple」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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